Exploring Victorian Poems about Social Class

The Victorian Era: An Era of Social Divide

The Victorian era, spanning from 1837 to 1901, was a time of immense social change and stark class divisions. This era witnessed a clear distinction between the wealthy upper class and the impoverished working class. Victorian poets, with their keen observation and introspection, often delved into the complexities of social class, highlighting the stark inequalities and injustices prevalent in their society. In this article, we will explore some remarkable Victorian poems that shed light on this prevalent theme.

1. "The Cry of the Children" by Elizabeth Barrett Browning

One of the most powerful Victorian poems addressing social class is "The Cry of the Children" by Elizabeth Barrett Browning. This haunting poem gives voice to the suffering and exploitation of child laborers during the Industrial Revolution. Browning's use of repetition emphasizes the desperate plea of the marginalized children:

"Do ye hear the children weeping, O my brothers,
Ere the sorrow comes with years?
They are leaning their young heads against their mothers—
And that cannot stop their tears."

Through her evocative language and vivid imagery, Browning exposes the harsh realities faced by those trapped in poverty and working-class struggles.

2. "London" by William Blake

William Blake, a poet known for his social commentary, penned the poignant and thought-provoking poem "London." This poem vividly depicts the dehumanizing effects of industrialization and highlights the plight of the urban poor. Blake's powerful opening lines set the tone for the poem:

"I wander thro' each charter'd street,
Near where the charter'd Thames does flow,
And mark in every face I meet
Marks of weakness, marks of woe."

Blake's use of sensory imagery and symbolism creates a palpable atmosphere of despair, revealing the stark reality of social class divisions in Victorian London.

3. "The Ruined Maid" by Thomas Hardy

While not explicitly focused on social class, "The Ruined Maid" by Thomas Hardy provides a fascinating exploration of the impact of social mobility on Victorian women. The poem presents a conversation between two former rural friends, one of whom has gained wealth and status by compromising her virtue. Hardy's use of irony and satire underscores the societal expectations placed upon women:

"'O 'ee,' cried she, 'forgotten is >the maid
'Who you knew at home in >her father's pad!'"

Through this poem, Hardy challenges the prevailing Victorian ideals of virtue and exposes the harsh judgments faced by women who sought to improve their social standing, often at great personal cost.

4. "The Lady of Shalott" by Alfred, Lord Tennyson

Alfred, Lord Tennyson's renowned poem "The Lady of Shalott" explores themes of isolation and societal constraints. The Lady of Shalott, confined to her tower, is a symbol of the restricted lives led by Victorian women, particularly those of the upper class. Tennyson's poem reflects the desire for freedom and autonomy:

"I am half-sick of shadows,' said
The Lady of Shalott."

Through the Lady's tragic tale, Tennyson reveals the limitations imposed by social class and gender roles during the Victorian era.

Victorian poets ingeniously employed their craft to expose the social inequalities that defined their era. Through their poignant verses, they shed light on the struggles and injustices faced by individuals across the social spectrum. Elizabeth Barrett Browning, William Blake, Thomas Hardy, and Alfred, Lord Tennyson are just a few of the many Victorian poets who used their words to challenge the prevailing social order. Their poems continue to resonate, reminding us of the importance of addressing social class disparities and striving for a more equitable society.